Understanding HS codes: the key to every import duty rate
HS codes classify every traded product and decide your duty rate. Here is how the 6-digit system works and where countries add digits.
The Harmonized System (HS) is the global language of traded goods. Almost every country uses the same first six digits to classify a product, which is why an HS code looks familiar whether you are shipping to the US, the EU or Japan.
Countries then extend the code. The United States uses a 10-digit HTS code, the EU uses an 8- or 10-digit TARIC code, and the UK uses a 10-digit commodity code. The extra digits pin down the exact product and the exact duty rate.
Your duty rate is set by the full code plus the country of origin. Two nearly identical products can face very different duties if they fall under different subheadings, so getting the classification right is the most important step in estimating landed cost.
You can usually find the code by searching the official tariff of your destination country, or by checking the code used for similar products. Our lookup shows the verified rate for a specific subheading so you can see the base MFN duty, any additional duties, VAT/GST and the de minimis rule in one place.
Accuracy note: classification can be genuinely ambiguous, and getting it wrong can mean under- or over-paying duty or even penalties. For a binding result, request a formal classification ruling from the destination customs authority or consult a licensed customs broker.
Sources
Rates and rules in these articles are for reference only and do not constitute tax or legal advice. Confirm with the official source and a licensed customs broker.